GIS & Remote Sensing

Remote sensing is used for change detection and analysis of different earth surface features ; it includes both man-made and natural features. These features can be combined in a one thematic map , which can be named as land use/land cover map .  Features which are selected to include in land use/land cover map largely depends upon the objective of work/project as well as satellite image selected for project/study. As spatial and spectral properties of satellite image plays significant role in acquiring satellite image based on project/study objective.  In this change detection analysis, multi date satellite images need to use and satellite image should have same season/acquiring date and month. Based on satellite image selection using spatial and spectral properties, level of classification is decided for land use/land cove map. Level of classification can be understood with this example in below figure- Figure 1 Classification Level for Land use/Land Cover Map These satellit

Spatial data can be manages and analyzed using GIS. In current, GIS application is increased in transportation studies especially in planning and management. Public transport system is an important part to manage and plan for urban development.  Public transport symbolizes as an efficient mode to travel by the people for different purposes in the specific region with the less impact on the environment .  Therefore urban planners and decision makers need to identify useful approach to deal with resistance of people to travel by public transport. It is become important to evaluate and identify the areas which are poorly connected with public transport system but at the same time those areas need to provide public transportation due to availability of high rate of potential users. Public transport system is accessed through its stop/station, so it is important to know and estimate coverage area of stop/station. The coverage area is significant for public transport that the increase i

Remote Sensing data can be applicable in many fields as direct use to assess change for monitoring and in many models as input data for further analysis. Selection of remote sensing images to create spatial database is mainly depend on user requirement and these satellite image can be selected for spatial database generation based satellite image characteristics , which can be explained by below parameters of satellite image- Spatial Resolution Spectral Resolution Temporal Resolution and Radiometric Resolution Based on above property satellite images can be selected by user then basic image processing steps need to follow to create accurate spatial data Image Geometric corrections Image Radiometric corrections Image Enhancement Image Classification Accuracy assessment to accept spatial data for further analysis These spatial data created using satellite images can be used in simulation and mathematical model/method . In this article these spatial data are a

Remote Sensing process is very significant to keep watch on earth surface features including both man-made and natural. Satellite image acquired and processed in image processing software to create spatial data. These spatial data can be further used as input data in different mathematical models to analyze the change and to find trends in future for policy planning and implementation. GIS software also used to create input data and those spatial data can further integrated in models to analyze current as well as future scenario. GIS has many functions and tools which can be employ to find the impact in that area as well as to analysis impact of neighborhood or vice versa.   In this scenario analysis, the urban area has been re-simulated for 2015 and 2025 by including commercial and industrial areas proposed in the 2025 land use plan. The aim of this analysis is to ascertain the impacts of commercial and industrial areas on urban change .  The variable proximity to commerc

This article is in continuation of last article in which remote sensing and GIS used for spatial analysis to assess and prospects of future scenario in urban change. In the below article another case is discussed in which effectiveness of proposed plan of 2025 for city is assessed using remote sensing and GIS based spatial analysis process. Through remote sensing , one can acquire satellite image of different periods or multi date as well as from high resolution to medium resolution and also combination of bands or multi spectral or panchromatic band.  In current there are many choices are available related to acquiring of satellite images . This may help user to create spatial data from high resolution to medium resolution as per need and also for different periods like from last 10 or 20 years to ascertain the change and trend of urban sprawl .  The basic and important steps of digital image processing such as layer stacking , subset , mosaic , enhancement , interpretat

Remote Sensing data or images can be used to assess past trends and current status of natural as well as man-made features on earth surface. Satellite images can be acquired based on need and using image characteristic/properties such as Spatial, temporal and spectral resolutions to create spatial data in the form of land use/land cover maps.  GIS is used to create other spatial data such as road network, proximity to central business district etc.  The spatial data can be created in both raster and vector format including non-spatial data in the form of attributes for scenario based analysis.  These data can also convert from raster to vector and vice versa as per need using image processing and GIS software .  These spatial data can be integrated to assess the changes in future based on some specific condition and constraints.  As GIS allow to incorporating mathematical and simulation models , it is become easy to use these spatial data for assessment based on certain cond

Urban sprawl , an outcome of socioeconomic development and population under certain conditions, is continuously increasing. It becomes a major issue facing by many metropolitan cities of developing and developed countries.  Urban sprawl is often took as scattered suburban development that create and increase several issues-  Stress on basic amenities  Traffic problems,  Reduce local resources, and  No more open space  It is important to appropriately illustrate urban sprawl in order to prepare a complete understanding of the causes and effects of urban sprawl processes. Urban sprawl is often assessed and characterized based on major socio-economic factors such as  Growth in Population  Transportation/Commuting Costs ,  Employment Shifts  Revenue Generation in City  Commercial Development Status   Urban sprawl, in most cases associated with poor land use plan and economic development and activities.  This above approach based on socio-economic factors cannot effectively identify the i

Introduction GIS is a versatile tool and can be used for variety of application as well as creation of spatial data . It can be used to create elevation data , population density , water quality , urban density , air quality etc. and at the same time these data can be spatially represented .  The advantage of GIS spatial data, that it can be analyzed to assess the impact on neighborhood or surrounding environment. GIS has various functions , spatial data in both formats such as raster and vector . Here in this article GIS is used to create distribution of commercial and industrial activity within the city to find out the impact on travel demand. For this a spatial data named land use mix created using GIS spatial analytical tool. Land use mix index is used to ascertain the level of commercial activity in each ward of Jaipur city. This indicator is very important to know the level of commercial and industrial activities (in the form of At present, there is no available data