How Remote Sensing and GIS used for Urban Sprawl/Growth Studies
Landscape
metrics analysis using classified satellite images to ascertain the urban growth/change pattern…
Urban sprawl is the social process whereby cities grow
and societies become more urban. Urbanization is significant all over the
world. There are many factors which influence the urbanization like population growth, good prospects for livelihood, good availability of facilities etc.
Mapping from remote sensing techniques has several
advantage because it is synoptic, repetitive and multi temporal. Remote sensing
technique is also cost effective. Remote sensing images also provides
information of change in magnitude, direction and pattern in the urban sprawl. It
is a versatile tool for mapping and monitoring of natural features as well as
manmade features. Because of it there is increase in research interest towards
the use of remote sensing techniques for urban studies.
Landscape is comprised of spatial patches categorized
in different patch classes used for spatial metric calculation. Spatial metrics provide a platform to assess change in
land use patterns over time. Spatial metrics
analysis is significant for quantitative characterization of spatial
composition and pattern of urban growth. Remote sensing integrated with spatial
metrics can provide more efficient and effective spatially reliable information
of urban change.
Landscape metrics can be computed as patch-based indices (e.g. size, shape, edge length, patch, density, fractal dimension) or as pixel-based indices (e.g. contagion) to assess growth pattern. The different landscape metrics were computed for classified land use data of Kota City to understand the extent of urban growth and its characteristics.
1 Shannon’s Entropy: It
value from the classified
remotely sensed data
can efficiently identify
and characterize the
urban sprawl. This index ranges
from 0 to1, in which 0 indicates the uniformity within the neighborhood,
however 1 indicates maximum diversity.
Fig: Shannon’s entropy index for Urban Sprawl
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